A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme regarding Prevention of Occupational Health Hazards among Workers in selected Seeds Cleaning Factories of Mehsana District

 

Patel Mihirkumar Maheshbhai

Lecturer, Joitiba College of Nursing, Bhandu, Tal-Visnagar, Dist-Mehsana (Gujarat)

*Corresponding Author Email: mihirpatelnsg@gmail.com

 

ABSTRACT:

Background: Occupational Health is defined by the Joint Committee of International Labour Office and the World Health Organization as “the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental being of workers in all occupations and places of employment.1  Occupational health is concerned with the control of occupational health hazards that arise as a result of or during work activities.2 Occupational hazard is a worldwide problem affecting both developed and developing countries. As a result of technological advances in industrial hygiene, many toxic factors both physical and chemical that were highly prevalent in the early part of the industrial revolution have been to a large extent controlled in the advanced countries.3

Aims and Objective: To assess the existing knowledge regarding occupational health hazards among workers of selected seeds cleaning factory. To determine the effectiveness of Planned teaching Programme. To associate the post test knowledge score of occupational health hazards with selected demographic variable.

Material and Methods: Quasi experimental study, pre test post test design without control group approach was used to assess the effectiveness of Planned teaching Programme on occupational health hazards. Non-Probability Purposive sampling techniques were used. A structured questionnaire (closed ended) was selected to assess the knowledge regarding occupational health hazards among workers of seeds cleaning factory.

Result: Highest percentages (50%) were in the age group of 31-40 years. Majority (100%) of workers were male. majority (100%) of workers were Hindu. Majority (63.33%) of workers were living in Rural areas. Highest percentage (56.66%) of workers had joint family. Highest percentage (56.66%) had primary education. Majority (50%) were have income between 5001-10000. Highest percentage (73.33%) of workers had habits of Smoking. Highest percentage of (100%) of workers had knowledge of previous hazards. Highest percentage of (50%) of workers had knowledge of hazards by mass media. most (60%) workers were had 1 to 3 years experience. Findings revealed that the pre test level of knowledge score was (12.5±1.57) which is 41.66% where as in the post test score was (24.06±2.04) which is (80.02%).The effectiveness was found. Hence it is interpreted that there is significant difference between pre and post test knowledge scores. However there was no significant association found with other variables.

 

KEYWORDS:

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

The discipline of occupational health is concerned with the two-way relationship between work environment and health. Occupational health is a part of the health science curriculum.4 These occupational diseases are regarded as disease arising in the course of employment. Occupational medicine primarily concerns man and the influence of work on his wealth while occupational hygiene concerns the measurement, Developing countries of the world live in poverty and disease circle.5 The Agricultural industry contribute to 16.63% of India’s export earning, around 45% of this comes from seeds export alone. This provides employment to about 3.5 million people.6 The important morbidities noted are musculoskeletal disorders 22.1%, refractive errors 14.4%, skin disorders 9.9% and respiratory illness 6.1%.7 In both developing and developed countries, there may be sectors of companies where 80-90% of workers are heavily exposed to traditional physical or chemical factors or to accident risks.8

 

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

Quasi experimental study, pre test post test design without control group approach was used. 30 workers working in the seeds cleaning factory, Unjha were selected by using non-probability purposive sampling Techniques. Structured Questionnaire was used for data collection. The questionnaires comprises of two sections. Section A consist socio demographic variable and Section B consists of structured questionnaire on knowledge regarding occupational health hazards. was used. The data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics.

 

RESULT:

Findings revealed that Highest percentages (50%) were in the age group of 31-40 years. Majority (100%) of workers were male. majority (100%) of workers were Hindu. Majority (63.33%) of workers were living in Rural areas. Highest percentage (56.66%) of workers had joint family. Highest percentage (56.66%) had primary education. Majority (50%) were have income between 5001-10000. Highest percentage (73.33%) of workers had habits of Smoking. Highest percentage of (100%) of workers had knowledge of previous hazards. Highest percentage of (50%) of workers had knowledge of hazards by mass media. most (60%) workers were had 1 to 3 years experience.

 

Findings revealed that the pre test level of knowledge score was (12.5±1.57) which is 41.66% where as in the post test score was (24.06±2.04) which is (80.02%).The effectiveness was found. Hence it is interpreted that there is significant difference between pre and post test knowledge scores. However there was no significant association found with other variables.

 

Association between the post test knowledge and selected demographic variables of workers.

Table 1.

S

No.

Knowledge Variables

χ2 –

value

Level

of significant

1

Age

0.2703

Not significant

2

Residence

0.0322

Not significant

3

Type of family

0.221

Not significant

4

Education Status

0.221

Not significant

df =1 , table value = 3.84 , P > 0.05

 

CONCLUSION:

The major conclusion drawn from this study was that PTP found to be effective in improving the knowledge of workers with occupational health hazards. So it should be emphasized that having education sessions with the workers regarding occupational health hazards with educating materials would there by improve their knowledge, which leads to better care for the symptoms, compliance with the treatment, early recognition and prevention of complication. Thus reduces the lack of awareness, negative attitude and less chance of health problems there by leading an effectiveness comprehensive care, cure and longer survival and reduces health care cost.

 

REFRENCE:

1.       Park .K. Textbook of preventive and social medicine .20th ed.Jabalpur.Banarsidas Bhanot publishers; 2009.708-22.

2.       BT Basavanthappa, community health nursing, 2nd edition, published by Jaypee brothers Pvt. Ltd. 839-843.

3.       Sonopantjoshi, prevention of occupational hazards in industrial workers, journal of Nightingale nurses times.2006.24-25

4.       Indian journal of public health, published by official publication of Indian public health association.134-136

5.       Metgud DC, Khatri S, Mokashi MG, Saha PN. An ergonomic study of men workers in a iron and steel factory for identification of health related problems. Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine; 2008; 12(14).

6.       Lewis medical surgical nursing :assessment and management of clinical problems:7th edition; Elsevier, a division of Reed Elsevier India Private Limited:2011.632-33

7.       Prevention of occupational lung diseases; ILO. From www.ilo.org /documents/publication/wcms-208226/ pdf.

8.       http://www.nihfw.org/ND/

 

 

 

Received on 19.01.2016           Modified on 25.01.2016

Accepted on 21.02.2016           © A&V Publication all right reserved

Int. J. Nur. Edu. and Research.2016; 4(2):179-180.

DOI: 10.5958/2454-2660.2016.00036.3